An Increase Of Eating Disorders Among African American...

In 1980, the first African American Barbie was introduced to the world , 21 years after the original Barbie was created. The African American doll had a small waist and skinny legs, which is similar to the original Caucasian Barbie. (Reel Soohoo, 2008) Many say that the creation of the first African American Barbie doll was the start of negative body image within the African American community. People say this because the new Barbie promoted certain societal views that are very much still present today. When people think of body image, they automatically relate it to upper class Caucasian women. This association causes people to believe that African American women are happy with the way they look because they do not go the extra mile to look like other ethnic groups. (Reel Soohoo, 2008) Just because African American women do not always openly talk about their bodies, does not mean they are satisfied with the way they look. Today there has been an increase of eating disorders among the African American female population. Research has found that African American girls as young as nine years old have been showing early signs of eating disorders. Some African American women struggle with anorexia but the majority suffer from bulimia and binge eating disorder. (Talleyrand, 2010) The African American women who suffer from eating disorders usually come from households that struggle with obesity. While there is not a significant amount of research about eating disorders amongShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Ethnicity And Risk Factor For Eating Disorders1721 Words   |  7 Pagesfor Eating Disorders The relationship between ethnicity and eating disorder risk factors is a complex issue. There are many other variables that affect these two ideas, such as socioeconomic status, level of educational attainment, and acculturation. Flaws in studies such as unrepresentative and insubstantial sample size, and participation bias still have yet to be corrected for in order to obtain a more accurate understanding of the role ethnicity and its factors plays in eating disorders. PreviousRead MoreWhy Athletes Are Becoming An Elite Athlete909 Words   |  4 Pagestime an increase in the concern of athlete’s health whether it be from alcohol and/or drug abuse, and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or other disordered eating patterns. Both problems could be detrimental to the individual’s health and both raise ethical dilemmas for a coach to consider. In this paper we will further discuss the issues associated with both drug or substance abuse and eating d isorders in athletes. The first topic that will be discussed is an eating disorderRead MoreThe Effects Of Mental Health And Depression747 Words   |  3 Pagesstudy by the National Institute of Mental Health, it was revealed that 13% of African American women suffer from depression at some point in their life, a number higher than the general population (Ward, Wiltshire, Detry, Brown, 2013). Mood and Anxiety disorders such as Depression are experienced by black women from all walks of life, especially those from low Socioeconomic backgrounds. Due to a variety of factors Black women are more likely to report psychological disturbances and experience ChronicRead MoreMental Health And Depression1134 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy by the National Institute of Mental Health, it was revealed that 13% of African American women suffer from depression at some point in their life, a number higher than the general population (Ward, Wiltshire, Detry, Brown, 2013). Mood and Anxiety disorders such as Depression are exp erienced by black women from all walks of life, especially those from low Socioeconomic backgrounds. Due to a variety of factors black women are more likely to report psychological disturbances and experience ChronicRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Obesity And Obesity1196 Words   |  5 Pagesdiseases (Musaiger, 2011). As one of the major health concerns worldwide, obesity is a complex disorder which results from multiple factors that may interact or be correlated together that may influence body weight (Akabas, Lederman, Moore, 2012). Sociocultural and ethnic factors that may contribute to the complexity of obesity include: †¢ Biological †¢ Genetics †¢ Cultural †¢ Environmental †¢ Social/Eating Behaviors Biological Factors Biological factors may mediate ethnic/racial and socioeconomicRead MoreA Study On Eating Pathology Among Latinas Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesTHEORETICAL PROPOSITIONS There is a lack of studies that investigate the eating pathology among Latinas even though there is evidence that a binge eating component (i.e. binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa) is more prevalent among Latinas compared with other races. For those who are engaged in binge eating tend to have unrealistic high expectations for themselves, which often are difficult to achieve. When the individual, in this case a Latina, has fallen short of these high expectations,Read MoreAnorexia Nervosa: Body Image and Internalization Issues Among People from Different Ethnic Groups956 Words   |  4 Pagesor has a fear of becoming fat (Comer, 2013). There are two types of anorexia. The first type is restricting-type anorexia. The individual restricts food intake to a dangerous degree. The second type is binge-eating/purging type anorexia. The individual purposely regurgitates after eating uses laxatives and/or diuretics (Comer, 2013). Females compose 90-95% of people suffering from anorexia nervosa (Comer, 2013). The typical age that an individual acquires anorexia nervosa is between 14 and 18Read MoreThe Prevalence Of Overweight / Obesity1616 Words   |  7 PagesPROBLEM: Both researchers studied the incidence of overweight/obesity in African-American children. One related it to the low socioeconomic status of the caregivers (SEP) and this study/research was conducted in Pitt County, North Carolina. The other research, four childhood obesity perceptions among African-American caregivers in a rural area Georgia community relates overweight/obesity on the parents’ level of education, income, eating habits and lack of physical activities compared to calorie intakeRead MoreEffects Of Eating Disorders On Children And Adolescents2521 Words   |  11 Pagesexpress dissatisfaction with their figure, shape and weight, but also exhibit disordered eating behavior, such as binge eating (eating a large amount of food with a sense of lack of control), food restriction, laxative abuse and vomiting. For children and adolescents, eating disorders can overlap in many instances. As an example, some children alternate between periods of anorexia and bulimia. Eati ng disorders typically develop during adolescence or early adulthood. However, research has shown thatRead MoreBehavioral Effect On Nutrition1583 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidering pica as my topic I looked at its relationship to nutrition, as pica is described as the ingestion of â€Å"non-food substances.† (Young et al 2010) With continued research into pica and nutrition, the association of iron deficiency and this disorder became pronounced.. While factors interact to cause iron deficiency, there is incidence of iron deficiency in the vulnerable populations of underdeveloped countries and in population subgroups at risk for incidence of iron deficiency. This is due

Feminism in Education Gender Equality Free Essays

Prior to 1870 education was not formally recognised and only available to the elite few who could afford to educate their children privately or at private schools. The poorer people of society would have to rely on the education of the church and its moral teachings rather than academic teachings. Although the 1870 Forster Act was to bring education to all children between 5-10 years old, it was not welcomed by everyone. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminism in Education: Gender Equality or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some thought it would lead to the masses ‘thinking’ for themselves and see their roles in society as unfair, causing them to revolt. Others such as the church were funded by the state with public money to provide education for the poor and these churches did not want to lose that influence on youth. Although this gave children a few years of formal education , still only the richer children had the opportunity to further their education until they were 18/19 years old, thus education still being based on social class until the 1944. The 1944 Butler Education Act saw the introduction of a three stage structure that is still in place today and gave all pupils an equal chance to develop through education. It introduced primary education, up to the age of 11, Secondary education, from 11 to 15, and further education which was non- compulsory after the school leaving age. One of the ground-breaking results of the Act was to educate and mobilise women and the working class. It opened secondary school to girls, and the working class, and as a result, a far higher percentage attended higher education after secondary school. This newly found education increased working class awareness of their disadvantaged social position and created a bitter class division between the working and middle class. The most present act of education is the New Labour. The Labour government famous with its motto, â€Å"Education, Education, Education† focused their campaign on a better education system but kept many old policies such as consumer choice league tables and competition. They mainly focus on market choice and value for money in today’s education. Education, since is formal existence, has always seen a gender divide in the achievement of young people and there is many studies that link gender to education and achievement. Feminists analyse the school curriculum from a gendered perspective. Feminist argue that education plays a major role in promoting gender inequalities in society through classroom interactions, labeling and school curriculum. They highlight the existence of a gendered curriculum within schools. Since the 1944 Butler Act they have been concerned with the discrimination of girls and the difference in exam results between boys and girls The different branches within feminism offer different degrees on how this is. Liberal Feminists see that sex discrimination should be tackled through education legislation and policies and has had some success in highlighting these inequalities through the work of the Equal Opportunities Commission. They see this as being enough to combat the problems within education due to gender but Radical and Marxist feminists feel this is only the surface of the problem and it is much deeper. Radical feminists emphasise a conflict between men and women. They see men as in the dominant position within the education system to further their own interests and this patriarchy is their main problem. Their main goal is to eradicate patriarchal control and free women. They believe that inequality will be brought to an end when women are free from physical and emotional suppression. Marxist feminists believe that social class has its part to play in inequalities and that education is their to support the needs of the ruling class. As the ruling class do this the womens role is therefore to support men so are the lowest rung of society within a Capitalist society. They argree with Marxist about the hidden ciricullum but they feel that both the formal and the hidden are ways of enforcing these unequal roles within education A study that supports the feminists point of view would be Sharpe (1976) ‘Just like a girl: how girls learn to be women. This study involved interviewing 249 working class girls who lived in London. It found that many of the girls held traditional views of their role within society- motherhood , marriage and family life. Through the education system they were being set up for these roles or for jobs that were classed as womens work, ie shop assistant, office work, work with little or no promotion opportunities or job satisfaction. To support this study, Kelly (1982) also found differences with reagards to gender in the t oys that were being given to children. Although these studies did prove there were some equality between the sexes with regards to the way they children were being educated, they really investigate more the issue of stereotyping. As it is from a feminists point of view if fails to recognise that males were also underachieving at the time of Douglas’s study. It also may be a bit dated as it was conducted again in the 1990’s with vast differences. Females were now placing much more emphasis on their career and independence. This emphasises the way society has moved on and there is less of a role perception today. Also the data may have been subjective and open to interpretation as they used the method of interviews. As the studies do show some equality between the sexes, I think these theories may be a bit dated. When these studies were conducted boys were achieving more than girls, roles have changed in today’s society and feminists fail to recognise this or offer an explanation. How to cite Feminism in Education: Gender Equality, Essay examples

Major Religions in Western Europe free essay sample

A discussion on how Western Europe was influenced by the Greek and Roman religions. This paper examines how religion has influenced Western Europe society: culturally, politically and economically. The author focuses on the Greek and Roman religions and their impact on other religions such as Christianity. One may begin a description of the ways in which religion has influenced the West by looking at the role of religion in Greece and Rome, since these two great empires were undoubtedly highly influential in terms of molding at some level every important aspect of Western European society. Of course, Roman and Greek religions did not arise from the thin air; they are based on older traditions and remained (especially in the case of Rome) syncretistic religions throughout the course of their respective empires. Greek and Roman settlements allowed for the incorporation of local beliefs into the state religion in a way that helped to ensure that those peoples who had been subjugated by the colonial powers would be less inclined to object to their loss of political autonomy. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Religions in Western Europe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The fact that Greek or Roman rulers would allow local gods and semi-divine figures to be incorporated into the pantheon of the major gods did not negate the fact that various peoples were being subjugated but it must have made their continuing (if forced) inclusion in the empire easier to bring about (Sissa 119).

Two of the Greatest Revolutions in History free essay sample

Before the American Revolution England went to war with France. This war put England in a huge debt. The British parliament came up with the idea to raise taxes to pay off the debt. They didnt want to anger the locals so they decided to tax the colonists across the sea. The parliament passed a series of laws, which Included the Stamp Act, Acts, and the Tea Act. These laws were the root cause of the revolutionary war. After the Boston Tea Party the parliament grew angry and put the government of Massachusetts under military control.After passing the Coercive act the colonist were more determined to fight back. After all the violence has ended congress issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The French society was divided into three groups, First Estate which was the clergys, Second Estate which were the Nobilities, and the Third Estate which was the rest of the population. We will write a custom essay sample on Two of the Greatest Revolutions in History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The First and Second Estate had special privileges; they did not have to pay taxes. The third Estate worked hard and had to pay all the taxes. France went into bankruptcy because Louis had spent too much money. Louis called the Estates General to solve the financial difficulties but the Third Estate did not agree with the unfair system. People got angry and Pastille went Into chaos. There were riots and violence everywhere. The Mob captured the king and he was executed on January 21, 1792. The French and American Revolution were fought several years apart but had many similarities. Both countries wanted to overthrow the king. Both countries had unfair taxes. Also Both Revolution started because of the kings. They both had their own declarations and constitutions written.Finally both countries were Influenced by the enlightenment Idea and both won the revolution. The American Revolution and French Revolution were two of the greatest revolutions In history. They both have their and differences. The American Revolution was not as violent as the French revolution. But both countries fought to overthrow the unfair kings. These revolutions gave people Independence and freedom. Both revolutions had a great Impact In history. Two of the Greatest Revolutions in HistoryBy colonists across the sea. The parliament passed a series of laws, which included the not agree with the unfair system. People got angry and Pastille went into chaos. Own declarations and constitutions written. Finally both countries were influenced by the enlightenment idea and both won the revolution. Revolutions in history. They both have their similarities and differences. The fought to overthrow the unfair kings. These revolutions gave people independence and freedom. Both revolutions had a great impact in history.

The number of children diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder The WritePass Journal

The number of children diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder INTRODUCTION The number of children diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder INTRODUCTIONAIMS AND OBJECTIVES  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   RESEARCH AIMS RESEARCH QUESTIONSLITERATURE  REVIEW UNDERSTANDING OCDOCD UK STATISTICSCOMPARISON OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS LIVING WITH OCD RESEARCH METHODOLOGYCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONREFERENCESRelated INTRODUCTION Daily, the number of children diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is on the increase. OCD has been shown to affect at least 2% of young people (OCF 2009).   As defined by the NHS clinical guide 2005, â€Å"obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of either obsessions or compulsions and most commonly both† The NHS further describe an obsession as any thoughts, imagery or urge which is unwanted and intrusive, repeatedly bogging someone’s mind. Also compulsion, are behaviors or mental activities repetitive in nature which a person feels need or is driven to perform. These definitions embody the reality encompassing people suffering with OCD. The symptoms which cause significant functional impairment and distress coupled with the fact that it can either be overt and observable by others (for example, checking that a door is locked repeatedly) or covert mental act like repeating a particular phrase in ones mind tend to affect suff erers, physically, psychologically, socially and academically as would be expounded in this study. Obsessions or compulsions can negatively impact on the lives of young people within their family environment, school and with friends. Nearly all children have little worries or fears as a normal part of growing up (Pridmore, 2010). This then makes OCD in children difficult to diagnose thus removing early identification and treatment in effect leading to a more developed situation in adult hood. Research into the early diagnosis forms the crux of this study. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   RESEARCH AIMS This research is aimed at scaling more light on ways of early detection of OCD in children with a view to early diagnosis and early treatment by way of research to investigate the relationship between OCD in children, adolescents and adult, thus ensuring translating the cognitive processing of threat across age groups, magnitude of symptom and how this is usually shown by sufferers with age. Furthermore it also aims to add knowledge to what is currently known about the import of age on OCD and the best approach in detecting and treating OCD early in life. OBJECTIVES Interpret how OCD symptoms begin and are displayed across age groups. Assess level of symptom in sufferers across different age groups. Analyze critically the best practice for early detection and best approach to treatment. Make recommendation based on research finding into OCD across varied age groups. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Important to this research are the following questions, which make up the body of the research: How are the symptoms of OCD exhibited in children? What role does age play in the repression or otherwise of OCD in children? How does comparism of OCD symptoms across age groups affect current knowledge of OCD in Children? What conditions affect the repression of OCD symptoms across the test age groups? Can the success of repression across any of the age groups be used as tool to treat OCD in children? These questions would form the building blocks of the research, as the findings would formulate points of discussion. LITERATURE  REVIEW UNDERSTANDING OCD Previously, OCD was thought to be a rare psychiatric illness (Paige, 2007), however, research into the causes and symptoms into the condition, points out that the condition or disorder clearly characterized by cycles of obsessions and ‘rituals’ or compulsions causing extreme malfunction, fear and distress to its sufferers. It is proposed and more likely that in the near distant future, OCD would be grouped in a field of disorders with various treatments. The proposed OC spectrum disorders might include OCD, body dysmorphic disorder (Bjornsson et al, 2010), hoarding (Pertusa et al, 2010), pathological gambling (Black et al, 2010), certain eating disorders, and autism. The current position of OCD differs in the two major diagnostic systems. OCD is perceived as an anxiety disorder In the DSM-IV, while ICD-10 lists it as an entity, which is separate from the anxiety, disorders. As stated above, proposals for the removal of OCD from the anxiety disorders and placed in an independent grouping of â€Å"OC spectrum disorders† is currently under discussion (Bartz Hollander, 2006). OCD is yet to be fully understood thus various theories flourish which link it to different conditions such as a connection to disgust which is a basic human emotion, which may have an evolutionary function that encourages the avoidance of contamination and disease. Husted et al, (2006), explained that functional imaging indicates that the neurocircuitry of OCD and disgust are similar conceiving OCD as a malfunction in an appraisal process. This would fit with OCD in which there are contamination concerns. However, this ideology does not tally with another theory that observes indecision as a feature of OCD and proposes the disorder is a result of disturbed decision-making strategies, which has been discussed by (Sachdev, et al, 2005). In another instance, functional imaging supports the theory that decision making involves the dorsolateral, orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices (CHANGE THE WORDS) which interact with limbic structures to retain memory of emotional rewards, an d the basal ganglia which is involved in behavioral execution, the same structures that appear to be involved in OCD. These are shrouded with other theories that include â€Å"not just right experiences† (Coles et al, 2010), inability to terminate improbable but grave danger concerns (Woody and Szechtman, 2010) and â€Å"an inflated sense of responsibility† (Smari et al, 2010) OCD involves obsession that are involuntary, leading up to thoughts that are unwanted and recurring result in feelings of anxiety and many at times dread hence they are not simply cases of meticulousness or over worry. There tend to be much worse, they make the sufferer seem irrational, interfere with normal thinking and are time consuming in some cases taking up to two hours per day (Fruehling J, 1999). They compel sufferers to make repeated attempts to try and control arising obsessive thoughts all to no avail. The ‘rituals’ performed by sufferers tend to bring temporary relief from the anxiety brought about by the thoughts as there exist a clear the relationship between most obsessions and the compulsions that follow. for example, contamination and washing. Sometimes the opposite is the case as not clear relationship can be attributed to (WHAT)for example, counting behaviors in a bid to prevent harm to others (Paige, 2007). The symptoms of OCD have been shown to grow stronger over time in cases where certain performed compulsions appear less effective in bringing relief. More elaborate measures could be taken to provide a sense of relief effectively ensuring that these become time consuming and thus interfering with everyday functioning. There have been cases of delayed indulgence so as not to appear abnormal socially, but this is nearly very difficult and the urge to perform the rituals always tends to grow. For example, students who tend to and are able to delay their compulsions while in class often tend to go to private places later on to perform set rituals during school hours. The concept of delusion cannot be attributed to sufferers of OCD, more adult sufferers often tend to recognize that such thoughts and behaviors that follow are unreasonable, however, that lack the will or ability to control them. In the face of illness or stress, OCD symptoms worsen. The causes of OCD border around three major areas, psychological, biological and the roles of neurotransmitters. Biologically Studies have linked patients with childhood onset OCD to first-degree relatives, than among patients with later onsets to first-degree relatives (Starcevic, 2005). However, statistical inconsistencies have been shown to exist among twins demonstrating a higher concordance among dizygotic pairs. Upon statistical analysis further more, Grootheest et al, 2005 explained that if a dimensional approach is employed, studies amongst twins suggest heritability of obsessive compulsive symptoms. Early onset of OCD is traceable to strong genetical contributions however, this is not definitive (Pridmore, 2010). Role of Transmitters In another study, neurological images implicate disturbances in pathways between the cerebral cortex and thalamus as pathogenesis of obsessions while pathogenesis of compulsion along with repetitive motor acts results from abnormalities in the striatum (Insel, 1992). When comparing sufferers of OCD and other anxiety disorders, Ruda et al, (2010) observed common and distinct neural substrates as both showed a decreased level of bilateral grey matter volume in the brain. OCD like disorders caused by childhood streptococcal infections has been termed Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. It has been observed that a large percentage of children who have suffered this complication of rheumatic fever have antibodies directed against the caudate (Swedo et al, 1994). Psychologically – OCD are shown by the symptoms explained upon earlier in this study. OCD UK STATISTICS Torres et al reported in 2006 that the survey of British National Psychiatric Morbidity revealed the prevalence within the general population of OCD was 1.1%. The same statistics also showed that the percentage decreased with increasing age (1.4% within 16-26years and 0.2% within 65-74 years). These statistics also revealed that the condition was slightly higher in females than males. Amongst sufferers of the condition, it has been identified that 55% suffer from only obsessions while 11% have only compulsions with 34% having both obsessions and compulsions (Pridmore, 2010). Further statistics show that 62% patients suffer from mental disorder in particular depression and anxiety, with 20% having alcohol dependence, 13% on drug dependence and 25% with a history of attempted suicide. The above statistics points to the prevalence of OCD in children who very often are ignorant of the existence of the condition and or where conscious are often very afraid to inform parents. In a 9 year s urvey where 142 adolescents and children where followed, Heyman et al, 2010 revealed that 41% of this population had persistent OCD, a very considerable number of those without the condition showed signs of other psychiatric conditions. This reveals that OCD is a chronic disorder amongst the younger generation with a guided prognosis. CHILDREN LIVING WITH OCD Childhood onset of OCD may result in children demonstrating washing; checking rituals, and preoccupation with disease, danger, and doubts inter alia   (Swedo et al 1989), with an approximate 2%–3% of people (including adolescents) having OCD. Notwithstanding this may be an underestimate because many symptoms are kept secret, OCD can emerge as early as preschool. During puberty and early adulthood, the number of children who develop the disorder peaks (National Institutes of Mental Health, Pediatric Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder Research, 2006). Studies by Paige, 2007 show that one-third of adults have OCD developed from childhood. As stated earlier, children and adolescents often tend to hide the symptoms of OCD for fear of being tagged ‘crazy or weird’ this often takes its toll on the severity of the condition in sufferers later on in life. The stigma often associated with OCD come to the full understanding of most adolescents who go through extreme lengths to avoid showing the symptoms. These steps could see them seek ways to avoid situations, which tend to trigger symptoms or young sufferers become clever in devising explanations for their behaviors. Snider et al, 2000 preach that compulsive behavior begins very often gradually and the trend is inadvertently supported by unsuspecting parents at the outset, for example, in cases where children and adolescents show rituals or compulsions that tend to be developmentally appropriate such as wearing a lucky shirt to a game or lining up stuffed animals in a particular way or show healthy behavior such as appear healthy washing of hands after bathroom use, parents may not initially be concerned by such OCD symptoms thus resulting in not seeking medical treatment at the outset until behaviors have become disruptive. Study by Zohar (1999) reveal that following childhood onset, OCD has a complete remission rate of 10 to 50 percent by late adolescence and without treatment tends to become chronic affecting normal function adversely. Considerable effects on adolescents include decreased performance qualities, impaired relationships, depression, problems associated with poor academic performance and so on (Paige, 2004). Expounding further on the effect of OCD on child or adolescent school performance, OCD often at times has a considerable and significant effect on child or adolescent learning; this tends to worsen if left untreated at the earlier stages. Academic problems associated with OCD in children or adolescent include poor attendance often similar to school avoidance, perceived weird behavior as young sufferers tend to avoid situations and places that increase obsessive thoughts as they may spend more time in secret places where rituals or compulsions are performed, this often results in increased social isolation and missed learning. Other problems may include loss of concentration, which is similar to symptoms associated with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) as a dir ect result of obsessive. The consequences of such behaviors often result in victimization or bullying of students suffering from OCD while obsessive thoughts create social problems. COMPARISON OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS LIVING WITH OCD In a study to unearth the developmental differences in the cognitive processing of threat across children, adolescent and adult groups of individual sufferers of OCD by Farrell et al in 2006, some evidence showed that age accounted for differences in the cognitive processing of threat associated with OCD. As this study was the first to examine this relationship, it demonstrated that children suffering from OCD experienced lower anxious and intrusive thoughts in direct comparism to both adolescents and adults. Children experienced lower levels of sadness, worry, disapproval and removal strategies associated with OCD as determined by Farrell et al, (2006) when compared to adolescents and adults. The research also pointed that the intrusive and depressive thoughts experienced by children with OCD was less distressing and less difficult to resist in comparison to the other two groups. These finding where consistent with reports by Salkovskis (1985, 1989) and others (Freeston et al., 1996 ; Rachman, 1993). Similar results were obtained when responsibility was the factor being tested for. The results showed that children report significantly less responsibility on a self-report responsibility attitude measurement in comparison to the other two groups. This suggested effectively that by adolescent, sufferers ten to have increased attitudes regarding personal blame for harm as is also in the case of adults suffering with OCD. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The cognitive theory of OCD has in the past been heralded as the most widely accepted account of maintenance of the disorder in adults however; it remained to be seen if evaluation across children, adolescent and adult comparison portends any trend. To this end, research was undertaken to investigate developmental differences in symptoms displayed by OCD sufferers across the age range, the results obtained demonstrated that symptoms evinced increased across the grouping (children – adolescent adult). This therefore suggests adoption of strategies for treatment of the condition. Importance is placed of the early discovery of the condition in an individual so as to ensure that whatever treatment is required is provided to stem increased conditions as the individual matures. Furthermore, in managing and ensuring recovery from OCD, early identification and requisite treatment remain imperative. Various strategies to manage and control the condition amongst children within the sch ool environment and at home have to be employed. At schools, staff should be alert as to the symptoms of the disorder in any pupil and to achieve this there is need for adequate enlightenment of staff about the disorder. Advice should the sought from the school counselor as unexplained agitation in pupil, prolonged and or frequent absence from class etc could be pointers to the condition in a pupil. Also, indirect observation such as raw or bleeding hands could give required clues. Stigmatization should also be eliminated. Conclusively, parental involvement remains utmost in the management and recovery process. Some parents may require education on how to identify and support children suffering with OCD. More research is required to fully grasp the role of responsibility, life experiences and exposures on the display and repression of OCD symptoms. This research study however, recommends a more details research into the symptoms showed by sufferers across different age groups and the roles which various factors would play. REFERENCES Bartz J., and Hollander E., (2006) ‘Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder?’ Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, vol. 30. pp. 338-352. Bjornsson A, Didie E, Phillips K., (2010) ‘Body dysmorphic disorder’ Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 12, pp. 221-232. Coles M., Heimberg R., Frost R., and Steketee G., (2005) ‘Not just right experiences and obsessive compulsive features: experimental and self-monitoring perspectives’ Behavior Research and Therapy, vol. 43, pp. 153-167. Freeston, M. H., Rheaume, J., Ladouceur, R. (1996) ‘Correcting faulty appraisals of obsessional thoughts’ Behaviour, Research and Therapy, vol. 34, pp. 433–446. Insel T., (1995) ‘Toward a neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder’ Archives of General Psychiatry, vol. 49, pp. 739-744. National Institutes of Mental Health, Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Research. (2006) FAQs about OCD. Retreived May 31, 2007, from http://intramural.nimh.nih.gov/pocd/ pocd-faqs.htm#FAQ-1 National Health Scheme NHS (2005) ‘Obsessive-compulsive disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder: core interventions in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and body dysmorphic disorder’ National Institute for health and clinical excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Obsessive Compulsive Foundation (OCF) (1999) ‘OCD in Children’ Obsessive-Compulsive Foundation. (2006) ‘What is OCD?’ Retreived June 1, 2007, from www.ocfoundation.org/what-is-ocd.html Paige L. Z., (2004) ‘Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Information for parents and educators’ In Canter, A. S., Paige, L. Z., Roth, M. D., Romero, I., Carroll, S. A. (Eds.), Helping children at home and school II: Handouts for families and educators. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists. Pertusa A, Frost R, Mataix-Cols D., (2010) ‘When hoarding is a symptom of OCD: a case series and implications for DSM-V. Behavioral Research and Therapy 2010; in press. Pridmore S., (2010) ‘OCD – download of Psyciatry’ Chapter 13 Rachman S., (1993) ‘Obsessions, responsibility, and guilt. Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol. 31, pp. 149–154. Radua J., van den Heuvel O., Surguladaze S., and Mataix-Cols D., (2010) ‘Meta-analytical; comparison of voxel-based morphometry studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder vs other anxiety disorders’ Archives of General Psychiatry, vol. 67, pp. 701-711. Smari J, (2010) ‘Pathways to inflated responsibility beliefs, responsibility attitudes and obsessive-compulsive symptoms: factor structure and test of mediational model’ Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, vol 38, pp. 535-544. Snider L. A., and Swedo S. E., (2000) ‘Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 284, pp. 3104–3106. Starcevic V., (2005) ‘Anxiety Disorders in Adults’ Oxford University Press: Oxford. 2005. Swedo S. E., Rapoport J. L., Leonard H. L., Lenane M., and Cheslow D., (1989) ‘Obsessivecompulsive disorder in children and adolescents: Clinical phenomenology of 70 consecutive cases. Archives of General Psychiatry, vol. 46, pp. 335–341. Salkovskis P. M., (1985) ‘Obsessional compulsive problems: A cognitive-behavioural analysis’ Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol. 23, pp. 571–583. Salkovskis, P. M. (1989) ‘Cognitive behavioural factors and the persistence of intrusive thoughts in obsessional problems’ Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol. 27, pp. 677–682. Zohar A. H., (1999) ‘The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents’ Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 8, pp. 445–460.

Yuan Dynasty Emperors List - Chinese Emperors

Yuan Dynasty Emperors List - Chinese Emperors The Yuan Dynasty in China was one of the five khanates of the Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan. It ruled most of the modern day China from 1271 to 1368.  Genghis Khans grandson, Kublai Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Each Yuan emperor also served as the Great Khan of the Mongols, meaning that the rulers of the Chagatai Khanate, the Golden Horde, and the Ilkhanate answered to him (at least in theory). Mandate of Heaven According to official Chinese histories, the Yuan Dynasty received the Mandate of Heaven even though it was not ethnically Han Chinese. This was true of several other major dynasties in Chinese history, including the Jin Dynasty (265 - 420 CE) and the Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1912). Although the Mongol rulers of China adopted some Chinese customs, such as the use of the Civil Service Exam system based on the writings of Confucius, the dynasty maintained its distinctly Mongol approach to life and lordship. Yuan emperors and empresses were famous for their love of hunting from horseback, and some of the early Yuan era Mongol lords evicted Chinese peasants from their farms and turned the land into horse pastures. The Yuan emperors, unlike other foreign rulers of China, married and took concubines only from within the Mongol aristocracy. Thus, to the end of the dynasty, the emperors were of pure Mongol heritage. Mongol Rule For almost a century, China flourished under Mongol rule. Trade along the Silk Road, which had been interrupted by warfare and banditry, grew strong once again under the Pax Mongolica. Foreign traders flowed into China, including a man from far-off Venice called Marco Polo, who spent more than two decades in Kublai Khans court. However, Kublai Khan over-extended his military power and the Chinese treasury with his military adventures overseas. Both of his invasions of Japan ended in disaster, and his attempted conquest of Java, now in Indonesia, was equally (although less dramatically) unsuccessful. The Red Turban Rebellion Kublais successors were able to rule in relative peace and prosperity until the end of the 1340s.  At that time, a series of droughts and floods produced famine in the Chinese countryside. People began to suspect that the Mongols had lost the Mandate of Heaven. The Red Turban Rebellion began in 1351, drawing its members from the hungry ranks of the peasantry, and would end up overthrowing the Yuan Dynasty in 1368. The emperors are listed here by their given names and khan names. Although Genghis Khan and several other relatives were posthumously named emperors of the Yuan Dynasty, this list begins with Kublai Khan, who actually defeated the Song Dynasty and established control over greater China. Borjigin Kublai, Kublai Khan, 1260-1294Borjigin Temur, Temur Oljeytu Khan, 1294-1307Borjigin Qayshan, Qayshan Guluk, 1308-1311Borjigin Ayurparibhadra, Ayurparibhadra, 1311-1320Borjigin Suddhipala, Suddhipala Gegeen, 1321-1323Borjigin Yesun-Temur, Yesun-Temur, 1323-1328Borjigin Arigaba, Arigaba, 1328Borjigin Toq-Temur, Jijaghatu Toq-Temur, 1328-1329 and 1329-1332Borjigin Qoshila, Qoshila Qutuqtu, 1329Borjigin Irinchibal, Irinchibal, 1332Borjigin Toghan-Temur, Toghan-Temur, 1333-1370

Self Evaluation Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self Evaluation - Personal Statement Example Moreover, daily newspapers and magazines contain news and articles about people from all over the world indicating people’s culture across the globe. Internet Internet is the best and fastest source of any type of information across the globe. Just a single query in search engines can give you an insight into any type of culture in a few seconds. Satellite Channels Satellite channels all over the world can be seen in one country. Dramas, cooking show, news channels, and documentary programs on channels such as national geographic, animal planet, discovery etc. help you increase your cultural knowledge. People Interaction The more you interact with people of different cultures, the more knowledge you gain about their traditions, religious activities, habits, language etc. Whether you are living with them or working with people of diverse cultures, you gain sufficient information about their culture with the passage of time. 2. How would you handle a management issue in your   organization that stems from a cultural dispute? As the time is moving towards making this place a global village, people from third world countries are moving towards progressed countries in search of a better job and better future. This results not only in providing sufficient workforce to such countries but also results in the formation of organizations with people belonging to different cultures and traditions. To manage the workforce in such an organization is a very challenging task as it requires you to get sufficient information about all people’s cultures and traditions. If a management issue arises in an organization because of the cultural differences, it should be handled carefully. Whenever a worker joins the company, he should be informed about the general rules and policies of the company. Moreover, the manager should have knowledge about the person’s culture that would help deal with him in the future. Now whenever a problem arises due to cultural dispu te, the manager should first analyze that he should provide the solution that does not conflict with the company’s policies. For example, if a company has a certain policy for giving no more than a one day leave near the project’s deadline then the manager cannot give an employee more than one holiday. The manager should find out a solution that is based on justice. He should consider cultures of both parties and take their opinions separately. In the end, he should design a solution that is a medium way between the both party’s opinions and should be justified. 3. Should the same rules and policies apply the same to  all people in a multinational, or should culture be taken into account when applying policies? The differences in the backgrounds can be problematic if you completely ignore people’s cultural values and traditions. Now the question arises whether the same policies should be applied to all people or should cultural diversity be taken into c onsideration? The answer is to choose the medium way. As far as performance and work is concerned, same policies should be designed for everyone. For example, dishonesty or shirking from work will result in punishment from the company’s side to every worker. Also, same rules of yearly leave will be applied to everyone. However, cultural differen

The cola market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The cola market - Essay Example As a new entrant in the market, Red Bull’s product for its new cola will only aim to cater and serve certain segments of the market. In order to know the market well, Red Bull has to segment its market carefully in order to assess which market segment should be chosen.The Red Bull brand has been associated with various lifestyles in the functional segment of the beverage market in the UK. Because of this existing association which is rooted from the lifestyle segment of the market, Red Bull’s new product can also use the lifestyle or psychographic segmentation for the cola market.According to Tom Duncan in his book â€Å"Principles of Advertising and IMC†, he defines psychographics as â€Å"measures that classify customers in terms of their attitudes, interests, and opinions as well as their lifestyle activities.† Since the Red Bull brand is positioned using the lifestyle segmentation of the market, the entry of its new product in the cola market can use t he lifestyle segmentation as well in order to make its product successful.The segment for the functional beverages has increased over the years due to the aging population of UK, as well as the shift to the more health-conscious products. With this, Red Bull has capitalized on the health-conscious segment of the market which looks for â€Å"regenerative and rejuvenating properties†.This strategic segment of the health-conscious group of consumers, according to Mad.co.uk (2008) will be entered by Red Bull with a â€Å"head to head on-trade† with Pepsico’s Pepsi Raw.

The purpose of this experiment is to determine if organization effects memory Essay Example for Free

The purpose of this experiment is to determine if organization effects memory Essay The Effect of Word Order on the Memory of Boyd Anderson IB Students Originally preformed by Maglennon Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to determine if organization effects memory. Hypothesis: If word lists are organized in some meaningful way, Boyd Anderson IB students will recall better then from a jumbled list. Null Hypothesis: If Boyd Anderson IB students are given lists of words, then they will recall the same amount of words from the jumbled list as from the organized list. Operational Definition: For the purpose of this experiment the dependent variable of recollection is defined as the number of words recalled from the organized list and the jumbled list. The independent variable of a list is defined as a list of 15 human names. The organized list will be organized in a way that the names get longer and less common as the list goes on and the jumbled list will be randomized with the same names. Description of Research: The subjects that will be tested will be Boyd Anderson IB freshman. Half the class will be given the random list and the other half will be given the organized list. The organized list will be labeled A, the random list will be B and will be passed out without the subjects knowledge of which they have received. The purpose of randomizing that gets which form is to make sure no discrimination takes place and that an equal number of subjects get each form. The setting were the observations will be made will be in either Dr. Monroes History class or Mrs. Bills English class to insure that no subject is tested twice. The procedure is as follows. Upon entering the class I will give a brief disclaimer offering any subject the option of not partaking in the experiment if they so please. Then I will proceed to explain the purpose of the experiment and continue to pass out the separate forms at random. The subjects will be given a minute to look over the names on the sheet of paper. They will then be asked to turn that paper over and on the back write as many as they are able to remember. The subjects will have only one minute to recall the names. Then the materials will be collected and divided into the organized and random lists to be analyzed. The data that has been collected will consist of the list of words the subjects had written down. The data will be analyzed within their respectable classes as well as a whole. There are a few potential variables that could negatively affect the results. It is always a possibility that students will cheat by flipping back over their paper or looking on a classmates list. Subjects may not put an honest effort into memorizing or recalling the names. It is also possible that the time in which the test is given may affect the attentiveness of the students therefore affecting the results between classes.

Broken Dreams :: essays research papers

Luke is jogging down the ground, followed closely by a stalker. He feels the hot, heavy breath of his follower on his neck, and can see his large shadow looming in front of him. He tries to fun faster to get away, dodging and weaving, but cannot seem to shake him; he is with him every step of the way. There is no escape. A call from a mate is an enormous relief; Luke has been rescued. He passes the ball to his mate, and continues running towards goal. Ryley lines up for goal about forty meters out, and with a superbly executed drop punt, sends the ball sailing through the goal posts. He kicks the first goal of the 2005 premiership season, and puts the Falcons six points in front, after only three minutes into the first quarter. The crowd erupts into applause and begins to chant, ‘Falcons, Falcons!’ Luke knew that this season would be a lot better than the last. This year he is going to be injury free and the critics have already ranked him highly in the running for the b est and fairest player at the end of the season. The Falcons were also tipped to finish in the top four this year, even though they did not have a full coaching staff. The game continued with a bounce from the umpire in the centre of the oval. The ruckmen battle it out, wrestling each other to get the tap needed for a break out of the centre. The football falls to the ground and is immediately smothered by desperate players trying to help their team. The umpire blows the whistle and signals another bounce. Again, the ruckmen struggle against each other, but this time the ball is punched forward. Luke jumps high into the air to seize the football, however comes crashing down and lands awkwardly, with other players falling in a pile on top of him. Everyone quickly jumps up and chases the pack of players following the ball. Luke is left lying on the ground, curled up in excruciating pain, holding his knee. The Falcon’s team runners come sprinting onto the field to attend to the injured player, signaling for the stretcher. Luke stands up, ignoring the stretcher, and is helped off the ground by two trainers. He is carried down into the clubrooms, where a physiotherapist attempts to identify the severity of the injury.

Study of inclusive learning analysis

Lord Sandy Leitch was commissioned by the authorities in 2004 to transport out an independent reappraisal of the long-run accomplishments that the United Kingdom would necessitate to accomplish maximal growing, productiveness and societal justness by 2020. The reappraisal identified that the UK was dawdling behind in the accomplishments market compared to other states such as USA, Canada and South Korea. This is mostly due to the fact that in the past chances to derive accomplishments has been elitist in that merely those who can afford to come on educationally to derive accomplishments have done so, this has meant that people have non been given the chances to make their full potency. More than a 3rd of working grownups have non achieved even the basic makings ensuing in a big proportion lacking in basic accomplishments – numeracy and literacy. The imperativeness release from the authorities summarises the Leitch study as saying that out of 30 Organisation for economic co-operation and development ( OECD ) states, the UK is 17th on low accomplishments, 20th on intermediate accomplishments and 11th on high accomplishments. Five million grownups in the UK lack functional literacy which is represented as a degree 1 making and 17 m illion grownups have trouble with Numberss. It besides stated that more than one in six immature people leave school unable to read, compose or add up decently. A extremely skilled work force is indispensable to the state ‘s economic growing to enable it to run into the demands of the consumer. The benefits for the person will intend higher incomes and raise aspirations, for employers it a greater accent on vocational accomplishments Lord Leitch concludes: â€Å" Skills were one time a cardinal lever for prosperity and equity. Skills are now progressively the cardinal lever. † Sir Andrew Foster was asked to transport out a reappraisal of the future function of Further Education colleges in 2004. The reappraisal identified that some strengths within his study such as a committed and professional work force, a strong committedness to inclusion, a diverseness of classs already provided. On the other manus many failings were highlighted such as jobs with the degree of makings and accomplishments, image & A ; repute through underperformance although this was pointed out that it merely affected 4 % of the proviso, conflicts between FE colleges, the LSC and the DfES, there were excessively many organic structures inspecting, reding and regulation and excessively many pupils do non accomplish the making on the class that they enrol, in drumhead that they are non gaining their full potency. The recommendations were to hold a greater accent on vocational classs, those that end with a making so that they can be used within the work force. Local employers need to be consulted on what skills they require their work force to hold so that the classs offered are relevant to the local community. Another recommendation is that any reviews should hold a lighter attack ; colleges should non being inundated with inspectors. Colleges need to work within the community to offer indispensable accomplishments by supplying outreach to those that would non be able to entree the college, guaranting inclusion. Students should have impartial advice from colleges with respect to classs that suit them and non the college. More establishments schools, colleges, voluntary administrations, support administrations and Higher Education constitutions should all work with each other for the benefit of the scholars and the employers. As with the Leitch reappraisal these recommendations will take clip, support and attempt from all involved. The LSC has undergone major alterations through the ‘Agenda for Change ‘ plan which supports the recommendations in the Foster study in run intoing the work force accomplishments in the employment sector, by support classs that have vocational makings. As a consequence of the Leitch reappraisal the Government made a recommendation that all childcarers hold the lower limit of a current degree 3 certification in early old ages. In order to accomplish this they can use for support through the ‘Transformation Fund ‘ which was set up by the Government as portion of ‘Choice for parents, the best start for kids: a 10 twelvemonth scheme for child care. This gives parents a greater pick about returning to work and guaranting that their child care demands are met.MentionsReece & A ; Walker ( 2000 ) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide, Business Education Publishers Ltd Smith, M. K. ( 2001 ) ‘Donald Schon: acquisition, contemplation and alteration ‘ , the encyclopaedia of informal instruction, www.infed.org/thinkers/et-schon.htm accessed on 26th October 2007 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/newsroom_and_speeches/press/2006/press_leitch.cfm accessed on 21st October 2007 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/newsroom_and_speeches/press/2006/press_leitch.cfm accessed on 21st October 2007 hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_assurance accessed on 25th October 2007 hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuing_Professional_Development accessed on 26th October 2007Provide infusions from their on-going brooding acquisition diary which will analyze and measure:Their apprehension of the rules and procedures of rating including its function in quality confidence.‘Evaluation is the procedure of roll uping and/or utilizing information for the intents of finding the value and worth-whileness of the topic of the rating procedure ‘ ( Birley & A ; Morel 1998 ) . Evaluation involves the systematic finding of the quality, value or importance of things. In the context of the third instruction reforms, the acceptance of an appraising attack means a direct focal point on ‘valued results ‘ and ‘key lending procedures ‘ . It is of import that the elements of the rating model are clearly identified and that the model and elements are consistent and practical. A important facet of the third reforms is that a common model for quality confidence will use across the sector. There will, nevertheless, be fluctuations in the appraising methods, tools and attacks used in sub-sectors. The purpose is to hold a flexible attack, antiphonal to the demands of the sub-sector, without compromising the unity and utility of the overall rating procedure and findings. Principles and cardinal characteristics of self-assessment and external rating and reappraisal are reciprocally reenforcing and support improved results for scholars. The cardinal characteristics provide illustrations of what the rules could look like in pattern. Evaluation inquiries guide the way and purpose of the rating procedure. ( Evaluation inquiries are open-ended inquiries about quality, value or importance, for illustration: How effectual is the learning? How good do programmes and activities meet the demands and aspirations of scholars? ) Evaluation indexs identify the ‘valued results ‘ and the ‘key procedures ‘ likely to lend to them, every bit good as placing what the grounds for these might look like. They besides signal possible causal relationships. Evaluation indexs are supported by research, and sector and bureau experience, about what works. This paper deals specifically with the first component of the model – the rules. There will be audience on the other elements as work progresses in these countries.Overarching rules of new quality confidenceThe undermentioned rules underpin the new attack to quality confidence. 1. The primary duty for quality and betterment prevarications with single TEOs. Therefore self-assessment should be embedded in TEOs ‘ modus operandi planning, operational and concern activities. 2. It is intended that the rating model provides a common footing for quality confidence across the third sector. 3. The focal point for quality confidence will be on the quality of larning which is considered to be the combined consequence of the quality of the acquisition experience ( including learning ) and the value of the results achieved. This is illustrated in Figure 2. The quality of the acquisition experience The quality of larning = + The value of the results achieved Figure 2 – The focal point on acquisition and instruction 4. While concentrating on the quality of acquisition, conformity with the regulative agreements remains of import. TEOs will still be required to show that they comply with relevant statute law and ordinances. Figure 3 shows the relationship between results, cardinal procedures act uponing results and conformity with the regulative agreements. The methods of accomplishing desired results vary depending on context. There is no ‘one right manner ‘ and TEOs are encouraged to be advanced and flexible in response to local fortunes, within the restraints of the regulative agreements.ResultsEvidence of TEO part to: scholar results ( accomplishment and advancement ) TEO degree results system degree resultsConformity with Regulatory AgreementsEvidence of TEOs run intoing legislative and regulative demandsKey Processes Influencing OutcomesEvidence of TEO internal systems and procedures for: demands designation at scholar, employer, regional and national degrees quality betterment ( sing grounds of both procedure and result ) Figure 3: The relationship between results, cardinal procedures and conformity 5. The quality confidence system will recognize and reflect the typical parts of TEOs including specific acknowledgment of the nature and functions of MA?ori suppliers such as wA?nanga. A This means that within the rating model there will be different tools and procedures developed for different types of TEOs. It is intended that the new quality confidence system will back up the overall construct of high trust and high answerability. There is besides an outlook that those facets of the current system that are already working good will be retained and enhanced. It is intended that TEOs can go on to utilize their ain systems and processes where these back up the purposes of the move to an rating methodological analysis. The undermentioned subdivisions outline in more item the rules of the self-assessment, and external rating and reappraisal constituents of quality confidence.Self-assessment‘Self-assessment ‘ ( or ‘self-evaluation ‘ or ‘self-review ‘ ) here refers to the procedures a TEO uses to set up grounds of its ain effectivity. The consequences of this procedure can so inform hereafter planning, supply grounds to inform decision-making, and contribute to the actions taken to convey about betterment. Self-assessment is non limited to a one-off appraising exercising prior to external reappraisal. Self-assessment involves an administration consistently measuring how good it: programs and manages, based on sound information and professional determination devising ; determines and responds to stakeholder demands attracts scholars because of the quality of the instruction and the quality of the programmes provided gets scholars on the right tract to win manages the acquisition and appraisal procedure analyses scholar and other stakeholder results, including the valued added, and utilize this honest and crystalline analysis to inform future programme design and bringing determines the relevancy of programmes to stakeholder demands Ensures that learners advancement to relevant and purposeful finishs.Their ain application of rating procedures, working with others and their usage of informations and other feedback for rating.Embedded equality of chance and regard for diverseness within your instruction and acquisition patterns.Analyze the impact of ain professional values and opinions on instruction and acquisition.

Compare two of Palins meetings with people who are particularly memorable Essay

Pole to Pole is a piece of travel writing. It has also been made into a television show. The author of this piece of travel writing is Michael Palin, and it is about his journey from the North pole to the South pole. Michael Edward Palin, CBE (born 5 May 1943) is an English comedian, actor, writer and television presenter best known for being one of the members of the comedy group Monty Python and for his travel documentariesIn Pole to Pole, Michael Palin encounters several different people during his journey; these meetings were particularly memorable to him. Particularly the meetings, with Lyuba-Day 41 on board Junost- and Doctor Baela- witch doctor, day 108 in Zambia-. Palin meets Lyuba as he is travelling between countries on a boat, whereas he meets Dr Baela when he has just entered Mpulungu, but has been in the continent, Africa, for quite a long time. The use of language in these sections is effective because Palin portrays his attitude towards women. He does this by using a superlative to highlight his meeting with Lyuba. Palin also reinforces that he does not take Lyuba very seriously when he uses alliteration, â€Å"lovely Lyuba†, when he calls Lyuba â€Å"proprietress of the bar† he then implies a certain attitude towards women. This is because of the use of the word proprietress, meaning lady of the bar. This is also a contrast to Palin’s usual persona as Palin doesn’t normally criticize or seek to be sexist/ politically incorrect. When Palin visits Dr Baela he exaggerates the encounter by being dramatic. He also demonstrates that Dr Baela is weird and sort of unrealistic, when using emotive language such as â€Å"evil†, â€Å"shadow†, and â€Å"spirits†. This is because some people do not believe in such things as spirits and after life. When Dr Baela says what he thinks is wrong with Palin, Palin uses the word â€Å"concludes† in a sarcastic manner, this then suggests that Palin sees the meeting as a joke and does not take it seriously, as well as how strange he feels the meeting is. Therefore Palin does not take either of the encounters seriously. When Palin met Lyuba and Doctor Baela, both of these meetings were surprising and quite unexpected. These meetings were unexpected because Palin does not expect these people to act like they do, as well as being surprising. â€Å"Strangest encounter†, by using this Palin shows that his meeting with Lyuba was not just strange, but more than strange, this highlights the fact that he was not expecting this encounter with Lyuba, which is a contrast to life no the ship.This is comparable to Palin’s meeting with Doctor Baela, this is because Palin was surprised and didn’t expect Doctor Baela to act the way he did. â€Å"Only adds to the confusion.† By saying this Palin shows that he is confused, but he didn’t expect to be confused. â€Å"More seriously than I expected.† This quote also adds to the fact that Palin didn’t expect the day to go this way. I think Palin’s intention was to make both of these parts quite comical and laughable when he is with Dr Baela the incident begins comical but changes, I also feel that he was putting a strange and peculiar approach to the encounters. As reading this I would feel my response would be, that it was very different and an unforgettable experience. Therefore these encounters were both surprising and unexpected, this is because Palin did not expect the witch doctor to act the way he did which links in with the fact that he didn’t expect Lyuba to act the way she did. When meeting Lyuba, Palin uses a lot of sarcasm and humour in his language which is really effective, which differentiates this from the language Palin uses to make Doctor Baela sound completely silly, but also intimidating and that what he does is pointless. â€Å"If there’s nothing more normal in the world than sharing a water-logged packing case with a Russian Barmaid.† When Palin says this he says this in a very sarcastic way, saying â€Å"if there’s nothing more normal† he is being sarcastic that it actually is normal as well as being humorous and playful. This has an effect on the reader because it adds humour to the situation. â€Å"Which will ‘drive out’ any evil influence† By using the quotation marks either side of ‘drive out’ Palin shows the intention of making Baela sound pointless and useless. Using sarcasm and humour in the language makes Baela sound very unprofessional, and makes the reader feel that Baela is making a fool out of himself but everyone around him believes him although he talks a lot of nonsense, where as the language that he uses when he meets Lyuba then presents her to be quite intimidating, which adds to the affect of the flirting. I think when Palin is with Baela; his intention was to change a serious situation into a disappointing and peculiar one, as opposed to when he is with Lyuba and changing an awkward situation into a humorous one. I feel he does this because the reader may loose interest Palin uses a lot of description during these encounters with Lyuba and Doctor Baela. When Palin first sees Doctor Baela, he describes him extremely well, corresponding to his meeting with Lyuba when he uses very descriptive language. â€Å"He has pouting lips and big lazy eyes. He wears a head-dress of genet fur, a pink tunic with his name on the back and a pair of welding goggles.† By using this Palin describes what Doctor Baela looks like, in a very understandable and clear way. â€Å"Nonchalant British lounging† Using this in his diary entry for when he met Lyuba, Palin adds to the formality and description. Being this descriptive, as the reader I feel that this makes the situation clearer and more understandable similarly to when Palin is describing Doctor Baela. I feel that Palin’s intention was to show the reader really what was happening and to add to the fact that these situations were quite awkward. Overall I feel that these two meetings would be particularly memorable to Palin, I feel this because when someone goes through a long period of time not knowing where they are, not seeing friends or family, being some place different everyday, I would expect this to be quite emotional and that every different person he meets he would then remember because it is all a big opportunity and experience which he would like to gain the most out of. I chose Lyuba and Doctor Baela because they both are not the usual conversations or meetings you would have with a complete stranger, I also feel that these encounters will be quite unforgettable because Lyuba acted really flirty, quickly where as Doctor Baela acted quite rehearsed and quiet when it came to chatting. Therefore I feel that these meetings were particularly memorable to Palin’s journey.

Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Essay Example

Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Essay Example Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Paper Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Paper Brahman is the highest and most supreme of all Hindu Gods. It is the transcendent, immanent, infinite, unchanging, ageless world. The Divine Ground that sums up all the being, infinite, clip energy, affair and all within and beyond this existence. Braham s nature is described as impersonal, personal and transpersonal. Brahman, conceived from the Hindu verb brh, means eternity and illustriousness. Brahman was born from Brahma who is the Godhead, the beginning and the seed of all that is in this universe. Brahman, due to his maps as the Godhead of all, is non allowed to hold a batch of fans and is therefore unpopular among the Hindu pantheon since his wok demands attending, concentration and invagination. As there is no more creative activity, he lost his importance to other Gods ; Vishnu and Siva, of the Hindu three. He is said to be father of Manu, from whom all Hindus descended from. Brahman is the cosmopolitan substrate or the absolute world and should non be confused with Brahma, God and the Godhead. They say that Brahman can non be known through stuff agencies, and we can non be made to be witting of it as he is our really ain being and consciousness. Atman on the other manus refers to the true ego of a individual. Philosophically it is the psyche either separately or globally. It could besides b defined as the beginning o all the single psyches. It is the identical, unchanging and ageless kernel. Harmonizing to Hinduism, any mortal being has an immortal facet and this is ever hidden within every created object and this includes adult male. Atman provides experience of the pleasances and hurting of earthly life therefore giving us ground to populate and imparts Godhead possibilities and qualities. Atman being the soundless spouse and inhabitant within us and all our experiences and workss, can merely be felt when no other centripetal activities impact the head. This is attained through yoga. In Buddhism nevertheless, the cause of wretchedness is ignorance which is a premier effect of the belief that there exists an atman that is unchanging. Our psyche or atman is identifiable readily with Brahman s greater psyche. Buddhism In Buddhism, Anatta is the altruistic thought of non-self. It means that everything perceived is non in the I or mine sense and therefore one should non cleaving on to. It encourages people o develop a sense of willingness to allow travel at any clip as these sensed objects become unneeded to one s ego. The rebirth philosophy should be good differentiated from the reincarnation theory which refers to the psyche transmigration and its material metempsychosis invariable. Buddhism does non acknowledge the being of an ageless or unchanging psyche that emanates from godly kernel. It is in crisp contrast to Hinduism s ego consciousness political orientation of atman. Harmonizing to Buddhism there is nil that is fixed or permanent in our being. Everything is capable to devastation and decay. No adult male should place himself with any signifier or name but instead be cognizant of the uninterrupted alteration procedure of going. In Nipponese Buddhism, Satori means enlightenment. It is a rush O sudden single enlightenment and/or consciousness. It is coined from the Zen Buddhist civilization and considered as the boarding or earlier measure towards nirvana. Satori can and is frequently juxtaposed to the term kensho intending viewing one s nature and character . Satori nevertheless, is a deeper religious province than kensho. Bing an intuitive experience, It has been described as a state of affairs like waking up one twenty-four hours to happen yourself with an excess brace of weaponries to subsequently larn how to utilize them. Satori is normally attained from personal experiences by the traditional usage of koans like the aggregation found in the Gateless Gate. They are theoretical mystifiers pupils use in aid of Satori realisation. It does non happen to persons but instead all construct realisation persons included therein. The Zen Buddhist pupil demand to fix their heads foremost with strict survey with ko ans and so speculation which clears their heads from all fond regards to the physical being. In many Nipponese folk tales, Satori was referred to as a mountain brooding animal with the rare ability to read the human head and ideas. Thus the lone manner to get the better of a Satori was to empty one s head wholly. This manner it will run in fright, leave due to boredom or decease. Confucianism Confucianism put much accent on filial piousness. I is on of the most of import virtuousnesss and should be held extremely. It is defined as the regard for one s parents and ascendants. The Classic of Xiao, a Confucian book written during the 400 B.C. period in a conversation between Zeng Shen, a pupil and Confucius. Filial piousness, in Chinese civilization, is the fist and foremost virtuousness. These spiritual traditions were until recent old ages, been enforced by jurisprudence at times. It is a signifier of hereditary worship and its turning away was punishable by jurisprudence. This virtuousness should be shown to both the dead and the life alike and is a regard that has over the old ages bee extended to cover other five signifiers ; friend to friend, elder brother to younger brother, hubby to married woman, male parent to boy and swayer to govern. The regard for seniors was held in high fear in all these signifiers of relationships and the life stood as boies of the dead. This filial piousness thought adversely influenced the legal system in China. The book of filial piousness written in the 3rd century is the major beginning of filial piousness importance and it was attributed to Confucius every bit good as hello boy. Li is a Chinese word that is extensively used in Confucianism. It intending is instead obscure but in most instances it is attached to the word rite. I is merely an abstract thought and non and object of unequivocal nature. It has besides been described and translated s the ethical motives, etiquette or imposts. It is by and large a aggregation of regulations of proper and good behaviour. It broadly trades with the wholly whole spectrum of the contacts and interaction with nature, material objects and other human existences. Confucius, in his treatments, encompasses diverse subjects like administration, mourning, rubrics, imbibing tea, and acquisition among other things. Li entails the norms of proper behaviour socially taught to us by authorities functionaries, small town seniors or parents. The instructions encourage trueness, God religion, righteousness, brotherliness and filial entry. The Li influence has guided public outlooks and has enhanced the trueness to the community highe r-ups and seniors. Religious urge. Religion has ever been there possibly even longer than human existences. There was an apprehension of a supernatural force showed by Neanderthals 1000000s of old ages ago. The most common and eldritch yarn among the assorted faiths in the universe is the impulse to idolize a supernatural being or merely by and large something at that affair. Therefore, spiritual urge can be defined universally as the impulse to set religion in a signifier that is ever beyond our perceptual experience and apprehension. Even in our epoch, a clip of technological and scientific promotions, a batch of people believe in the unknown. Religion therefore is the belief in supernatural powers that control our destiny that is entitled to our obeisance, regard and worship. In every great faith, three facets are paramount ; charity, religion and hope. These are the moralss, ritual and divinity severally. It should imply preservation of values and be a system that involves a universe position, a doctrine and a cod ification of moralss. Different faiths have different features nevertheless most characteristics are similar in different faiths and these are ; specific regulations of behavior, sense of community and household, moralss system, establishments that are good organized, supernatural belief and life after decease, psyche being and sacred Bibles and Hagiographas. The factors and root causes that may take people towards spiritual urges are the fright of decease and whatever is lying in delay beyond that. Besides worlds are a funny clump and the enigma of their being pushes them towards a religious angle. Since we are incapable of replying most of life s inquiries, like the intent of our lives and the immaterial or the religious portion of us, it creates a belief towards faith as the best signifier of account. Finally one merely experience the demand of a religious scruples to the philistinism of modern life. The nature of the Godhead varies in different spiritual scenes. Hindus for illustration, frequently thi nk of themselves as monotheists idolizing assorted godly facets and no assorted deities. However, foreigners ever see Hinduism as similar to religions inclined to traditional polytheistic. Ideal Religion Among the above faiths, Confucianism is the most appealing while I find Hinduism the least appealing. Hinduism consists of so many beliefs with a batch of intertwined Gods and goddesses. The caste system of categories is besides unrealistic as all human bins should be equal and receive equal chances. For a really long clip his has bee the factor that has served most disservice to he Hindu faith. The thought of acknowledging inequalities based on the line of descent, household and birth and saying it as the will of God is dismaying. Though Confucianism has shortcomings every bit good, its moralss and ethical motives have positive influence on the society as a whole. The instructions of Li and filial piousness are greatly of import particularly to kids turning up. It is common sense to esteem and obey one s seniors and seting that into jurisprudence is a great manner of guaranting a society with good and polite ethical motives. It involved action internalisation leting one to be unfastened to the esthesiss panoply of the experience. It maintains a healthy altruism patterns to oneself and as an illustration set to others. Personal attacks every bit good as the attacks of the at big demonstrates how these values are utilized in everything, the good and the bad, the elaborate and the wide, the formlessness and the signifier. The rites and patterns in Confucianism are dynamic. These patterns have been modified and revised in conformity to emerging social beliefs. Though the patterns are bound to alter, the cardinal p olitical orientation remains the nucleus of the spiritual beliefs.

Censoring Huckleberry Finn

Looking back at the researchers, teachers and students of Huckleberry Finn, we all know that high school grows, finds yourself, and is a time to experience different personality of different people. It will also help you prepare for a world that can quickly deal with various people and situations. If you forgive some part of the real world, you are not ready to face life problems and dilemmas. Truncated Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn is a typical example of closing the real world. In an iterative discussion on whether to reexamine Huckleberry Finn Adventures for high school students, I firmly stand on the side of the insects of traditionalism books encouraging the importance of literature as a lens of observation history I will. . Of course, studying the cultural outputs of every society provides a window to history - enter the intellectual and emotional advantages and disadvantages of humans living at different times or places. For this reason, students should be encouraged to learn art, vision, architecture, music and literature from a wide range of societies and from many eras. Huckleberry Fin's adventure, also known as Mark Twain's novel Huckleberry Finn's Adventure, was published in the UK in 1884 and was published in the United States in 1885. The narrator of this book is Huckleberry Finn. That young man, the oral and dignified speech is perfectly adapted to the scene's detailed, poetic explanation, the brilliant facial expression of the character, and a wide range of comedy. And interpretation of a sophisticated satirical story. Hack escaped his abused father with a raft on a voyage that was long interrupted along with his companion, the runaway slave, and the Mississippi River. On the road, Hack encountered various characters and types, this book depicts almost all people who unforgettably live on the river or along the river. Because of these experiences, Hack learns to overcome traditional racial prejudices and respect and love Jim. Mark Twain's satiri cal work Mark Twain, published in 1885, is his novel Tom Sawyer's Adventure published in 1875. It is a sequel. Huckleberry Finn talks about young teenager Huckleberry Finn and his friendship with Jim, an uneducated slave who escaped from the Mississippi River at various roles and events. The background of the novels occurred in the prewar era of America where slavery and racial prejudice were at the forefront of social problems.

Mass extinction Events - the 6th one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mass extinction Events - the 6th one - Essay Example appened in the planet’s history, mass extinction is an occasion that mankind cannot penetrate, delay or stop especially if they are the primary ones responsible for the planet’s destruction. One is as responsible as the other towards the maintenance of the planet that mankind is living in. There is no reason for finger pointing at this point as to why things are being experienced worldwide (Hallam & Wignall, 1-5). Mass extinctions already happened more than once in the existence of planet Earth. The first mass extinction was said to have happened approximately 500 million years ago and it was the temperature in the planet’s surface that have changed drastically. This event incurred the massive extinctions of species, plants and animals alike. This brought about changes, mostly physical, to those who survive the extinctions. Others would point out these changes as evolution in the species. They needed to evolve and be able to adapt to the surroundings enabling them to survive. Approximately 250 million years ago, another mass extinction occurred and devastated the planet. It was said that during this second mass extinction, it took a while before the surviving species was able to recover. While others failed to adapt therefore becoming extinct (Frankel, 5-10). During the third mass extinction, it was the aquatic species that was confounded. It was after the fourth mass extinction that r eptiles and dinosaurs were said to have evolved. Then around 65 million years ago, the fifth mass extinction occurred. This is the extinction that the generation of today is more aware (Wicander & Monroe, 242; Hoffman, 176). There are scholars who do believe that mankind and the planet is in the middle of the sixth mass extinction as the planet’s composition has been disturbed massively especially in recent centuries or even decades. As mankind is perceived to become more intelligent, the more it aided the events that may cause the mass extinction and even end the human